Контрольная работа № 1


Задание 1. К представленным глаголам (А) подберите однокоренные слова (В). Образовавшиеся группы переведите на русский язык.

A. Relate; use; mean; provide; consume; supply; own; function; govern; compete.
B. Competitor; provider; functioning; competition; owner; user; meaning; relationship; provision; government; consumer; ownership; usage; supplier; consumption.


Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие цепочки имен существительных.

Business environment; business enterprise; business unit; market sector; community activity; goods supplier; wealth increase; organization functioning; enterprise control; market intermediaries.

Задание 3. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания.

The state of being busy; depending on the scope; a matter of debate; complexity of meanings; not-for-profit businesses; a set of conditions; uncontrollable in nature; according to the change; beyond the control; close to business.

Задание 4. Прочитайте следующие предложения. Определите время и залог сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. At present organizations are searching for creative leaders more than ever before.
2. Forty-three percent of holiday shoppers use debit cards as their primary form of payment.
3. Singapore\'s economy is highly exposed to global trade.
4. In the 18th century Britain had a lead in the textile industry.
5. Because of low birth rates Europe will soon have fewer people who work and fewer people who pay taxes.
6. These days much less coffee is being grown in Columbia.
7. They have put up interest rates again.
8. The introduction to the report was written by the chief manager.
9. Flights were disrupted by a stoppage of air-traffic controllers.
10. A rise in panic sales of new second homes had drawn the attention of tax controllers.

Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст
“Business and Business Environment”.

Business and Business Environment

The etymology of \"business\" relates to the state of being busy either as an individual or society as a whole, doing commercially viable and profitable work. The term \"business\" has at least three usages, depending on the scope — the singular usage to mean a particular organization; the generalized usage to refer to a particular market sector, \"the music business\" and compound forms such as agribusiness; and the broadest meaning, which encompasses all activity by the community of suppliers of goods and services. However, the exact definition of business, like much else in the philosophy of business, is a matter of debate and complexity of meanings.
A business (also known as enterprise or firm) is an organization designed to provide goods, services, or both to consumers. Businesses are predominant in capitalist economies, in which most of them are in private ownership and formed to earn profit to increase the wealth of their owners. Businesses may also be not-for-profit or state-owned. A business owned by multiple individuals may be referred to as a company or corporation.
Business environment may be defined as a set of conditions – social, legal, economic, political or institutional - that is uncontrollable in nature and affects the functioning of organization. Business environment has two components:
1. Internal environment.
2. External environment.
Internal environment includes 5 Ms, i.e. man, material, money, machinery and management, usually within the control of business. Business can make changes in these factors according to the change in the functioning of enterprise.
External environment relates to those factors which are beyond the control of business enterprise. These factors are: government and legal factors, geo-physical factors, political factors, socio-cultural factors, demographic factors etc. It is of two types:
1. Micro/Operating environment.
2. Macro/General environment.
Micro/Operating environment is close to business and affects its capacity to work. It consists of suppliers, customers, market intermediaries, competitors and public.
Macro/General environment includes factors that create opportunities and threats to business units. They are economic environment, political environment, social and cultural environment, technological environment, natural environment, demographic environment, and international environment.

Задание 6. Укажите верно (T) или ложно (F) следующие утверждения.

1. The term business hasn’t been a matter of debate.
2. A business is also known as an enterprise or a firm.
3. A business functions in business environment.
4. A company or corporation may only be owned by one individual.
5. Business environment influences the functioning of the organization.
6. Operating environment doesn’t deal with the capacity of an organization to work.
7. Technological environment is one of the factors that create threats to a business.
8. Businesses are defined as not-for-profit organizations.
9. Three components make business environment.
10. Changes can be made in both components of business environment.


Задание 7. Завершите следующие предложения.

1. A word business means … .
2. A business refers to … .
3. Business environment is defined as … .
4. Internal environment is usually … .
5. Macro environment includes … .

Задание 8. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы.

1. What is meant by business?
2. How many usages does the term business have?
3. Why businesses are usually formed?
4. Who usually owns businesses?
5. What is business environment defined by?

Задание 9. Составьте деловое письмо.

Задание 10. Напишите краткое сочинение (10-12 предложений) о себе (“About Myself”).


Контрольная работа № 2

Задание 1. Сопоставьте глаголы (A) с их производными (B). Образовавшиеся группы переведите на русский язык.

A. Manage; accomplish; organize; satisfy; produce; create; employ; operate; control; execute.

B. Producer; accomplishment; controlling; organization; manager; satisfaction; executive; employment; operation; employer; creative; production; organizational; management; executing; creativity; organizer; unemployment; managerial; employee; product.

Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие цепочки имен существительных.
For-profit work; employment opportunities; nonprofit management.

Задание 3. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания.

Management functions; business management; human resource management; operations management; production management; strategic management; marketing management; financial management; information technology management; first-level managers; middle-level managers; top-level managers; Board of Directors, President, Vice President, Chief Executive Officer; General Manager; Branch Manager; Department Manager; Supervisor; Section Officer; Foreman .

Задание 4. Заполните пропуски в каждом предложении модальным глаголом или словосочетанием из представленного списка. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

Have to, had to, don’t have to, must, mustn’t, must have, might have, should, and could

1. We’re trying a new dress code. We …… wear formal clothes on Fridays.
2. You …… touch that button! The whole production line will stop!
3. I’m not sure, but I think I …… made a mistake.
4. Before we agree, we’ll …… study the contract in more detail.
5. Sorry I can’t stay any longer. I really …… go now or I’ll miss my train.
6. If you need the goods urgently, we …… speed up the order.
7. Sorry I’m late, but I …… go to the doctor’s.
8. It …… been embarrassing for you to forget his name.
9. I think we ……accept their offer. It’s the best we’ll get.
10. Luckily, I …… attend the meeting yesterday, so I managed to finish all my paperwork.


Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст “Management”.
Management

Management in all business and organizational activities is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises the functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization.
In for-profit work, management has as its primary function the satisfaction of stakeholders. This typically involves making a profit (for the shareholders), creating valued products at a reasonable cost (for customers), and providing rewarding employment opportunities (for employees). In nonprofit management, add the importance of keeping the faith of donors.
Towards the end of the 20th century, business management came to consist of six separate branches, namely: human resource management; operations management or production management; strategic management; marketing management; financial management; information technology management which is responsible for management information systems.
In organizations, there are generally three different levels of managers: first-level managers, middle-level managers, and top-level managers. These levels of managers are classified in a hierarchy of importance and authority, and are also arranged by the different types of management tasks that each role does. In many organizations, the number of managers in every level resembles a pyramid, in which the first-level has many more managers than middle-level and top-level managers, respectively.
Top-level management typically consists of Board of Directors, President, Vice President, Chief Executive Officers, etc. These individuals are mainly responsible for controlling and overseeing all the departments in the organization. They develop goals, strategic plans, and policies for the company, as well as make many decisions on the direction of the business. In addition, top-level managers play a significant role in the mobilization of outside resources and are for the most part responsible to the shareholders and general public.
Middle-level management comprises General Managers, Branch Managers, Department Managers, etc. These individuals are mainly responsible to the top management for the functioning of their department. They devote more time to organizational and directional functions. Their roles can be emphasized as executing plans of the organization in conformance with the company\'s policies and the objectives of the top management. They define and discuss information and policies from top management to lower management, and most importantly they inspire and provide guidance to lower level managers towards better performance.
First-level management includes Supervisors, Section Officers, Foremen, etc. These individuals focus more on the controlling and direction of management functions. For instance, they assign tasks and jobs to employees, guide and supervise employees on day-to-day activities, look after the quantity and quality of the production of the company, make recommendations, suggestions, and communicate employee problems to the higher level above, etc. In this level, managers are the \"image builders\" of the company considering they are the only ones who have direct contact with employees.


Задание 6. Укажите, верны (T) или ложны (F) следующие утверждения.

1. Management is characteristic for all business and organizational activities.
2. There is a difference between management in for-profit and nonprofit work.
3. Management in organizations is made up of two levels of managers.
4. Goals, strategic plans and policies for the company are developed by middle-level managers.
5. Middle-level management is mainly responsible to the shareholders and general public.
6. Tasks and jobs to employees in day-to-day activities are assigned by supervisors, section officers and foremen.
7. Top-level managers are the “image builders” of the company.
8. All managers in the company have direct contact with employees.

Задание 7. Завершите следующие предложения.

1. Management comprises … .
2. The primary function of management in nonprofit work is … .
3. Business management consists of … .
4. The number of managers in every level resembles …. .
5. Middle-level management executes … .

Задание 8. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы.

1. What is management?
2. What does the satisfaction of stakeholders involve?
3. In what way are the levels of managers classified?
4. Is it necessary for the organization to have middle-level managers, and why?
5. One of the tasks of first-level managers is to look after the quantity and quality of the production of the company, isn’t it?

Задание 9. Составьте письмо-запрос.

Задание 10. Письменно (10-12 предложений) расскажите, почему Вы решили стать менеджером.



Контрольная работа № 3

Задание 1. Сопоставьте глаголы (A) с их производными (B). Образовавшиеся группы переведите на русский язык.

A. Manage; accomplish; organize; satisfy; produce; create; employ; operate; control; execute.

B. Producer; accomplishment; controlling; organization; manager; satisfaction; executive; employment; operation; employer; creative; production; organizational; management; executing; creativity; organizer; unemployment; managerial; employee; product.

Задание 2. Прочитайте следующие предложения и укажите, являются ли действия в них реальными (Real) или нереальными (Unreal). Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. It’s not far. If you follow this road, you’ll come to the station.
2. If I were on the Board of the company, I’d argue against the merger.
3. Supposing you had a million dollars, how would you invest it?
4. If the economic situation had been better, we wouldn’t have lost so many customers.
5. Perhaps we’ll offer a lower price. If we do, success is certain.


Задание 3. Завершите предложения, используя союзы if или unless. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Their offices are very near. We’ll walk there …… it’s raining.
2. We would probably get the contract …… we dropped our price a little.
3. Come on! …… we hurry, we’ll miss the plane.
4. …… you have any questions, please feel free to call.
5. What would you do …… they refused to negotiate?


Задание 4. Употребите глагол в скобках в соответствии с типами условных предложений. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. If your talk had been shorter, I think they …… (ask) more questions.
2. We …… (get) more inquiries if we advertise more often.
3. If I had bought more shares, I …… (become) rich!
4. If they hadn’t invested in new technologies, they …… (not survive) the recession.
5. If we sent the goods by sea, the transport costs …… (be) much lower.

Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст “Management Styles”.

Management Styles

There are three main categories of management styles: autocratic, paternalistic and democratic.
Autocratic (or authoritarian) managers like to make all the important decisions and closely supervise and control employees/workers. Managers do not trust employees/workers and simply give orders (one-way communication) that they expect to be obeyed. This approach has limitations but it can be effective in certain situations. For example:
When quick decisions are needed in a company in a time of crises.
When controlling large numbers of low skilled workers.
Paternalistic managers give more attention to the social needs and views of their employees/workers. Managers are interested in how happy employees/workers feel and in many ways they act as a father figure (“pater” means “father” in Latin). They consult employees/workers over issues and listen to their feedback or opinions. The manager will however make the actual decisions (in the best interests of the employees/workers) as they believe the staff still needs direction and in this way it is still somewhat of an autocratic approach.
A democratic style of management will put trust in employees/workers and encourage them to make decisions. Managers will delegate to the staff the authority to do this (empowerment) and listen to their advice. This requires good two-way communication and often involves democratic discussion groups, which can offer useful suggestions and ideas. Managers must be willing to encourage leadership skills in subordinates.
The ultimate democratic system occurs when decisions are made based on the majority view of all employees/workers. However, this is not feasible for the majority of decisions taken by a business- indeed one of the criticisms of this style is that it can take longer to reach a decision.


Задание 6. Укажите, верны (True) или ложны (False) следующие утверждения.

1. In fact, there are more than three styles of management.
2. Authoritarian managers are always effective.
3. One-way communication is characteristic for authoritarian management.
4. In some situations there is no difference between authoritarian and paternalistic managers.
5. Authoritarian manager acts in many ways as a father figure.
6. Paternalistic managers put trust in employees/workers.
7. Democratic managers encourage their employees/workers to make decisions.
8. However, democratic style of management is sometimes criticized.


Задание 7. Завершите следующие предложения.

1. Autocratic, paternalistic and democratic styles are … .
2. Autocratic managers closely … .
3. Paternalistic managers consult … .
4. Managers of democratic style delegate … .
5. One of the criticism of democratic management is … .

Задание 8. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы.

1. What are the main management styles?
2. Are authoritarian or democratic managers more effective when quick decisions are needed?
3. Paternalistic managers believe that the staff still needs direction, don’t they?
4. Which of managers are interested in how happy their employees/workers feel?
5. Is democratic management style possible in a company?

Задание 9. Составьте ответ на запрос.

Задание 10. Письменно на английском языке (10-12 предложений) расскажите, какого стиля управления Вы бы хотели придерживаться в Вашей будущей деятельности и почему.



Контрольная работа № 4


Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите на русский язык следующие словосочетания.

A person who has a vision; a drive to achieve; needs to be fixed; whatever it is; to double sales; a clear target in mind; process improvement; despite all the obstacles; too costly; personal traits; get too bogged down in the details.


Задание 2. Из слов, представленных в частях А и В, составьте словосочетания и переведите их на русский язык.

A. Annual; manufacturing; get; effective; ego; pursue; single-minded; individual; leadership.
B. Skills (2); driven; a dream; process; sales; determination; communication; bogged down.


Задание 3. Прочитайте предложения. Подчеркните неличные формы глагола. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. We guarantee delivering the goods by the end of the month.
2. Their negotiating position was very rigid.
3. They agreed to give us thirty more days to pay the invoice.
4. Marketing requires careful planning.
5. Not being used to the company culture, I found it hard to fit in.
6. Car manufacturing in Poland is concentrated in Katowice area.
7. Users of financial information depend on data supplied by accountants.

Задание 4. Завершите каждое предложение, выбрав соответствующий предлог. Предложения переведите на русский язык.

After without by of before instead of

1. …… leaving university I worked for an accounting firm for a while.
2. I was aware …… being very nervous at the start of my presentation.
3. Vodafone grew …… taking over local operators.
4. …… going on, I’d just like to look at that graph in a little more detail.
5. If it’s urgent I could take it there myself …… using a courier.
6. The central bank is hoping to reduce inflation …… increasing interest rates.


Задание 5. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык текст “What is a Leader”.


What Is a Leader?

A leader is a person who has a vision, a drive and a commitment to achieve that vision, and the skills to make it happen.
The Leader\'s Vision
A leader has a vision. Leaders see a problem that needs to be fixed or a goal that needs to be achieved. It may be something that no one else sees or simply something that no one else wants to tackle. Whatever it is, it is the focus of the leaders’ attention and they attack it with a single-minded determination.
Whether the goal is to double the company\'s annual sales, develop a product that will solve a certain problem, or start a company that can achieve the leader\'s dream, the leader always has a clear target in mind. This is a big picture sort of thing, not the process improvement that reduces errors by 2% but the new manufacturing process that completely eliminates the step that caused the errors.
The Drive to See It Through
It is not enough to just have a vision. Lots of people see things that should be done, things that should be fixed, great step forward that could be taken. What makes leaders different is that they act. They take the steps to achieve their vision.
It is the strength that lets leaders move their vision forward despite all the obstacles, despite all the people saying it can\'t be done, it\'s too costly, we tried that before, or a dozen other excuses. The true leader perseveres and moves forward.
Traits of a Leader
There are as many traits of a leader as there are lists of what makes a leader. A leader has integrity. People have to believe that you are pursuing your dream because it\'s the right thing to do, not just because you are ego driven.
A leader understands the differences that make people unique and is able to use those individual skills to achieve the goal.
A leader is positive. He encourages and rewards people and makes you want to do it and do it right. A leader is not a negative person and doesn\'t waste time and effort telling everyone what they\'re doing wrong.

Leadership Skills
Beyond the personal traits of a leader, there are specific skills someone must master if they want to be a leader. Effective communication - it\'s more than just being able to speak and write. A leader\'s communication must move people to work toward the goal the leader has chosen.
Motivation - a leader has to be able to motivate everyone to contribute. A leader knows how to make them really want to do their best to achieve the leader\'s goal.
Planning - the leader has a plan to achieve the goal. He/she doesn\'t get too bogged down in the details what managers are for, but rather uses a high level plan to keep everyone moving together toward the goal.


Задание 6. Укажите, являются ли следующие утверждения верными (True) или ложными (False).

1. A leader is a person without commitment to achieve a vision.
2. Whatever the goal, a leader has a clear target in mind.
3. Leaders see something that no one else sees or simply something that no one else wants to tackle.
4. To have a vision is not enough to be a leader.
5. The true leader perseveres and moves forward.
6. There are not many traits of a leader.
7. A leader is unable to use the individual skills of employees to achieve the goal.
8. A leader cannot encourage and reward people.
9. A person must master some specific skills to become a leader.
10. A leader has to be able to motivate everyone to contribute.


Задание 7. Завершите следующие предложения.

1. A leader is a person … .
2. Leaders take the steps … .
3. A leader has … .
4. A leader understands … .
5. A leader\'s communication … .

Задание 8. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы.

1. What is a leader?
2. What factors make a leader?
3. How do leaders achieve their goals?
4. Is it true that a leader is not a negative person?
5. What kind of plan does a leader have?

Задание 9. Составьте краткое письмо-предложение.

Задание 10. Напишите краткое сочинение (10-12 предложений) о роли лидера в организации.